Guppy simulation

Introduction:

1. If being flashy and colorful attracts predators, why do you think guppies are so colorful?

Guppies are very colorful so they can attract female guppies and mate.

2. After viewing the guppy gallery, pick the fish you find most interesting. What is the fish’s scientific name, origin and average size? Describe the coloration of the fish you chose.

Common Name: Guppy or Millions Fish

Scientific: Poecilia reticulata

Origin: Brazil

Ave. Size: 1.4" or 3.5 cm

Coloration: Navy blue base, mottled pink, orange, and green. It has a green fin and bright fanned out tail.

3. After viewing the predator gallery, pick the fish you find most interesting. What is the fish’s common name, scientific name, and origin?

Common Name: Pike cichild

Scientific: Crenicichla alta

Origin: Trinidad and Latin America

4. View the guppy’s habitats, what habitat conditions would affect the predator populations?

If the habitat is a deep stream, then the predator populations will be very high. In a small dam habitat, predator populations would be little to none because there would be no room for predator movement. In a medium-small damthere would be a bearable predator population because there would be more room for predators to move around. Only small predators such as the rivulus could prosper in a shallow stream habitat. 

Endler’s Discovery and Variations of Guppy’s in Pools

5. Who is John Endler? What did he study and where did he study it?

John Endler is an evolutionary biologist who studied Trinidad's wild guppies, probably in Trinidad. He studied guppie distribution, size, color, and spot sizes.

6. For each of the three stream areas, describe the guppy coloration:

Pool 1: The average male coloration would be very bright with lots of colors and large spots. There were very few predators, so guppies are able to have as flamboyant colors as they want.

Pool 2: In this pool there is a moderate predator population, so the average color is medium on the body and tail with medium spots.

Pool 3: There is very dull coloration in the guppies here because there is a high predator population. This means the guppies need to keep the colors and vibrancy to a bare minimum.


7. Develop your own hypothesis about guppy coloration. The hypothesis should answer the questions: Why do guppies in different areas of the stream have difference in coloration? (You can choose from the list on the simulation, or make up your own)

If there is a higher predator population in one area, then the guppies need to have a drabber/duller coloration because they will be eaten if they stand out too much.

If there is a lower predator population in another area, then the guppies can have very bright colors because they won't be eaten as frequently.

If the predator population is medium then so is the guppy coloration because they may be eaten or they may not.

Guppy Simulation Summary

	% of Brightest Guppies (10 generations)	% of Bright Guppies (10 generations)	% of Drab Guppies (10 generations)	% of DrabbestGuppies (10 generations)
Trial 1 Guppy: Even Mix Predators: 30 Rivulus	50%	25%	12%	14%
Trial 2 Guppy: Even Mix Predators: 30 Rivulus, 30 Acara	24%	48%	17%	11%
Trial 3 Guppy: Even Mix Predators: 30 Rivulus, 30 Acara, 30 Cichlid	23%	13%	16%	48%
Trial 4 Guppy: Mostly Bright Predators: 30 Rivulus	64%	26%	5%	4%
Trial 5 Guppy: Mostly Drab Predators: 30 Rivulus, 30 Acara, 30 Cichlid	3%	8%	27%	63%

8. Describe how predators influence guppy coloration.

Predators influence the guppy coloration by making it brighter or drabber. If the predator population is high, then the guppy coloration is dull. If the predator population is low, then the guppy coloration is vibrant.

9. Was your hypothesis correct, use your data to justify your answer.

Yes it was correct because the data showed exactly what we had predicted. The coloration of the guppies was brighter with a smaller predator population. The coloration was also duller with a higher predator population. Lastly, when there was an even predator/guppy population there was medium coloration.

10. What does it mean that “male guppies live in a crossfire between their enemies and their would be mates”?

It means that male guppies live in situations where certain things are conflicting. For example they can either have a good fitness by being very bright and mating. Or they can be very dull and be able to camouflage from their predators. They can have one or the other, not both. So to be able to mate they are in danger of being spotted and becoming prey. By being dull they are in danger of not attracting a mate.


11. Why do you think guppies in different areas of the stream have different coloration? 

The higher predator population in one area, the guppies need to have a drabber/duller coloration because they will be eaten if they stand out too much. The lower predator population in another area, the guppies can have very bright colors because they won't be eaten as frequently. The predator population is medium then so is the guppy coloration because they may be eaten or they may not.

12. What would happen to mostly drab guppies that were placed in a stream with very few predators?

They probably would be overpopulated because they would not have a high chance of being eaten by a predator anyways since they are so drab, but now that there are so few predators there would be an abundance of drab guppies.

13. What would happen to brightly colored guppies that were placed in a stream with many predators?

Their population might diminish because their flamboyancy would attract predators, and since there are a lot of predators, there will be very few guppies. Since they will all be eaten.

Biodiversity

If there was an almost extinct species and humans kept on killing them and they stopped and it turned out they were really useful and ate some kind of global pest and so then they would stop killing them and use the species to eat the pest globally.

Lets say that the gorillas lost the rain forest and had to come to find new land and they all came to a human populated area and started living there, harassing humans and taking bananas from stores and trashing buildings.

Maybe the fish went extinct then sharks and whales and other marine life would die down because they don't have food to eat and then the humans wouldn't have any food from the ocean and all of the fisher man would lose their jobs.

If we don't cut down all the trees in the rain forest then if a flood had to come through there then the trees and bushes would stop the flow of water partially but if there isn't any the flood would continue with its speed and get faster causing it to be more deadly.

Gases and climate change

Combustion
Hypothesis: If the fire turns blue then some blake soot will come out.
Observation: ONce the flame reached the gas the flame turned blue the bottle flew off the table with a loud WHOOSH and left a little soot on the floor.
I learned that the things that we think are harmless are actually pretty dangerous to our enviroment and causes glaciers to melt and melt and melt causing our sea levels to rise and rise and rise to up to an inch per year.

C02
Hypothesis: IF the gas gets free then the flame will get bigger for a little than start dieng down.
Observation: When the gas Surrounded the air the flames died out really quickly.

Hydrogen gas:
Hypothesis : that when the flame touches the gas the flame will expand really quick but then disappear.
Observation: When the zinc when touched with the hydrochloric acid it started bubbling and producing gas and when the flame touched the gas it light it on fire and continued to be on fire for about 20 seconds and then died down. when it was down the beaker was hot.

Air pressure
 Hypothesis: If the can has enough water vapor then the water vapor will come out fast.
Observation: The water vapor didn't come out fast it was just normal like nothing happened.

Hypothesis If the can is placed upside down then it will pop up out of the water.
Observation: When the can touched the water when it was up side down it sucked itself in and crushed itself.

That the air pressure can affect our weather big time and If the air pressure dropped then it all depends where you live there could be warmer or colder winters and it could change so the weather would be more dry or humid.

Cherynobyl questions

What happened at the nuclear factory?

How come they didnt come up with a safety plan for this?

How come they didnt make any actions right away to clean up Cherynobyl?

Did they ever clean up cherynobyl?

Towns meeting questions

How long do you think the area will be safe?

When was the last time they took a chemical test?

Have they ever tested the air around the canal?

How much longer will the contaminated water clean up be there?

Would you ever move to a street away from the love canal?

Love canal

The toxic waste was pushed up by the blizzard causing the snow to melt and the water pushed the chemicals out of the ground. People got liver diesiese, kidney failure, birth defects and dieds. The chemicals also pushed the chemicals into some near by creeks and effected some marine life and any other wild life that went in the water or stepped in the chemicals that were oozing out of the canal.

The chemical dispersants and the oil are equally Bad for the ocean and when they put the chemical dispersants in the ocean just made it worse.

Reflection

What are chemical dispersants
How does it effect the gulf
How does it effect the animals